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Leptospirosis Symptoms


Leptospirosis is a major cause of febrile and kidney–pulmonary syndromes in tropical countries, with cases peaking during the rainy season when flooding increases contact with contaminated water.

 

What is Leptospirosis?

It is an infection caused by the Leptospira bacteria contracted from exposure to soil or flood water that may be contaminated with infected urine, or urine or tissues from infected animals


Leptospira enter through:

  • Cuts and abrasions in the skin

  • Mucosal surfaces (eyes, nose, mouth)

  • Inhalation of droplets or aerosols of fluid containing leptospires

 

Leptospirosis Symptoms:

·         Fever of at least 2 days

·         Red eyes

·         Calf pain

·         Abdominal pain

·         Muscle pain

·         Headache

·         Yellowing of skin

·         Decreased urine output

 

Were you recently exposed to flood waters?

Consult your doctor within 24-72 hours of exposure for possible antibiotic prophylaxis.


Exposure Risk Stratification:

Risk

Exposure

Treatment

Low

Waded through flood once WITHOUT any open wounds

Doxycycline 100mg x 2 capsules as single dose

Moderate

Waded through flood once WITH open wounds, or ingested flood water

Doxycycline 100mg x 2 capsules once a day for 3-5 days

 

High

Waded through flood multiple times/continuous exposure to flood water

Doxycycline 100mg x 2 capsules once a week until there is no  more exposure to flood water

 

Leptospirosis Prevention:

  • Avoid swimming or wading through flood water

  • Wear rain boots & gloves during heavy rainfall

  • Cover your wounds/scratches with waterproof bandages

  • Maintain the cleanliness of your house’ surroundings to minimize rodent infestation

  • Consult your doctor immediately if with flood water exposure




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